Machine for reducing the walls of tubular billets and for other uses.



L. D. DAVIS. MACHINE FOR REDUCING THE WALLS 0F TUBULAR BILLETS- AND FOR OTHER USES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 29, 1908.

Patented July 27,1909.

M 1 W m QW w w A W A w WWW r 1 M 1 QM L e u. T 1 I W lxu HIM fi -Q. ww L E 2 M To all whom it may concern:

' UNITED STATES MACHINE FOR REDUCING THE WALLS 0F TUBULAfR BILLETS'AND ma OTHER PAT T QFFICE LEONARD D. DAVIS, ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

USES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 27, 1909.

Application filed August 29, 1908. Serial No. 450,830.

Be a known that I, LEONARD D. DAVIS, a; citizen of the United States, residing at Erie,

Pennsylvania, have invented certain new,

and useful Im rovements in Machines for Reducing the alls of Tubular Billets and for other Uses, of which the following is a specification, illustrated by drawings.

The invention relates to mechanism particularly applicable to cross-rolling bodies in a heated state either to pierce them upon mandrels in a converging and then diverging pass, or to reduce the diameter or the wall thickness of billets or tubes or for other analogous purposes involving transverse rolling. a

The mechanism is capable of having at will a combined orbital and rotatory movement of the faces or members that act upon the tubes or bodiesthat are to be treated, the orbital motion being about the axis of the ass as a center and the rotator mg about a center or centers t 'at is or are not coincident with the axis ofthe pass. The mechanism also embodies means for controlling the components of the motion and means for stopping one of the, compo-' nents while continuing the other. When the two components occur in opposite directions the combined effect on the tube or body is aggregative so that a given speed of action on thebody may be produced with much less rotary speed of each of the two components of motion than could be produced by sim 1e rotatorymotion of speed equal to one of t ese components. The mechanism also embodies means whereby the billet, blank, or tube is rolled by concave instead of convex rolling surfaces and is therefore more closely confined or compressed laterally during the rolling.

The objects of the invention are to im prove and simplify such mechanism and to improve the rolling action to which the metal is subjected and efiect the desired change in the body being rolled with the least harmful strains or working of the metal.

For reeling or for reducing the wall thick motion be-.

i as re ortioned for reducing the diameter or we 1 t ickness of rods and tubes.

Ill the drawings Figure 11' is a central longitudinal section on the axis of the pass. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the plane 22 of Fig. 1: Figs. 3 and 4 are cross sectional detail views onthe planes; 3 -3 and 4-4 of Fig; 1. Fig. 5 is a cross section of the housings shown in Fig. 4 rotated ninety degrees from the position shown in Fig.4. 6 is a detail side view of the coil shaped res.

At B B are shown two housings which are mounted to severally rotate upon the pairs of eccentrics C C and D D. These eccentrics are mounted u on and turn with the hollow sleeves E Whic are journaled in the .fixed frame or supports F of the machine. 'Ihese hollow sleeves E are coaxial with the pass of the machine and they are driven by, ears G, H, from the common counter-shaft which in turn is driven at will from any suitable source of power. Within the sleeves E are concentrically j ournaled the tubular shafts L which areturned by gears shown on their outer ends meshing :with gears M on a counter-shaft N (Fig. 2) which is also drivenfrom a suitable source of power at Will. Consequently the sleeves E act in unison and the sleeves L act in unison. The sleeves or hollow shafts L carry spur gears O which mesh with the internally toothed gears P rigidly secured to the respective housings B B. Rotation of the gears 0 causes the housings to rotate upon their eccentrics C and D While on the other hand the eccentrics with their hollow sleeves E may be rotated at such speed and in such directidn as to prevent rotation of the housings, but this would produce an orbital movement of each housing in a small circular path the radius of which is of course the eccentricity of the eccentric relative to the axis of the pass. Either the inner or the outer sleeves may be held'stationary while the others are rotated, and I have 'shown a special means for holding the outer sleeves against rotation consisting of collars Q rigid on the shaftsL and each having a removable pin Q for connecting it to the framework of the machine so the sleeve cannot rotate. Many other means such as holdin 'the counter-shafts from rotating may be sn b-stituted.

Within each housing are carried the working faces that act upon the billet or tube in the pass. It is highly desirable that these working faces shall lie opposite each other,

to prevent bending strains on the billet ortube and I have devised means whereby the revoluble housings may be provided with a plurality of working faces lying 0 posite each other. In order to accomplish this object, I form the working faces out of helices R, having the convolutlons of one helix interspaced with those of the other, so that the working faces R fall opposite each other.

The helices may be formed in any suitable manner and one way of making them is to cut a coarse pitch upon a cylindrical piece of round steel, thus leaving a solid center which is then bored out, resultin in a true coil or helix of uniform pitch. his helix is then cut or severed into two and one part screwed into the other, so that one helix is inte-r'acent of the other. The desired degree of convergence of the inlet end of the pass and the divergence of the exit end when a piercing or expanding mandrel is to be used, is produced by tapering the bore of each helix. I

The helices R are mounted on blocks A in the housings, which blocks are suitably secured to the housings as by means of the bolts C, and the coils or helices are so adjusted and se arated radially that the opening through t e center between the faces R forming the pass, will be of suitable size. The faces or cylindrical surfaces R in the members R are coaxial (exce t for the convergence mentioned) with t eir respective eccentrics C or D upon which the housing is mounted. If the working faces R were set slightly eccentric if desired with the centers of the eccentrics C or D then a slight radial or 1 swaging movement between them and the billet will be roduced as the housing is rotated. It wil also be understood that a similar swaging efi'ect can also be roduced if the surfaces instead of being tr circular are pgllygons with many sides. W bere they are tr y convergent but concentric, asubstantially perfect and Eure rolling effect is produced and it will e understood that from the front to the narrowest part of the pass these wearing faces progressively encroach more and more on the pass'so as to act progressively on the tube or'other body that is eing operated upon. For strai htening bars or tubes in a cold-state the difference may not exceed a thirty-second of an inch throughout the pass.

The a lication of the. mechanism is as follows: en the inner sleeves only are rotated and the outer sleeves and eccentrics faces of each die rolls upon the surface of the tube, as will be apparent from a study of Figs, 4 and 5, wherein a change of angular .surface will necessarily produce a swaging action. The billet or tube, with or without a mandrel, is thrust into the pass in the usual way and is fed forward by the application of a longitudinal force in any way desired. The tube or bar, as soon as it is gripped by the first three dies, spins rapidly and is operated upon by the equal application of the rolling forces at opposite sides. If, now, the housings are not allowed to turn and the outer sleeves E are driven to rotate the eccentrics an orl ital movement of the housings about the axis of the pass, corresponding to the orlital movement of the eccentrics, will take place. Alsence of rotation however will not be produced by holding the gears O stationary but they may be rotated at a speed and in a direction which will just overcome the tendency to cause rotation of the housings by the 'ori ital movement. Preferal ly, however, both the orbital movement and the rotary movement are employed simultaneously, giving to each housing a motion partaking of both these components. If the sleeves are rotated in opposite directions an aggregate com l ined effect is produced, giving a high rolling speed effect with only atout one half the. speed of rotation of any one of the rotary parts as compared with the speed that would be required to act on all sides of the tulte the same number of times by the rotation of the housi only. I

It W1 1 be understood that the proportions of the machine will l e widely varied for various uses to which the mechanism may be put, and that for swaging and reducing the thickness of wall of tubes in a heated state various appropriate shapes of the die surfaces will be utilized. I wish to protect the new mechanism as applicable to any and all uses with the appropriate and obvious variations in form and proportion of the parts therefor. The pitch of the core or helix may be uniform or increasing, and if desired, the throw of the eccentrics may be varied by any well-known means.

I claim and desire to obtain by Letters Patentthe following:

1. A machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of revoluble housings and eccentrics on which the said housings turn, the centers of the eccentrics for one housing being out of line with those for the other housing, means for revolving the housings upon the eccentrics, means for revolving the eccentrics, and interspaced helices carried by the housings for acting on the body to be treated, said helices,

havin openings extending longitudinally theret rough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices being lapped by each other a suflicient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions.

2. A machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of revoluble housings and eccentrics on which the said housin s turn, the centers of the eccentrics for one ousing being out of line with those for the other housing, means for revolving the housings upon the eccentrics, means for revolving the eccentrics'ada ted to be used at one time, means for holding the eccentrics stationary adapted to be used at another time, and interspaced helices carried by the housings for acting on thebod y to be treated, said helices'having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices being lapped by each other a suflicient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions.

3. Ainachine for cross rolling cylindrical.

bodies and other uses, having a plurality of revoluble housings-and eccentrics on which the said housings turn, the centers of the'eccentrics for, one housing being out of line with those for the other housing, rotary hollow sleeves connected to rotate the eccentrics and the housings respectively, and mounted coaxially with the pass, means for'actuating said sleeves, and interspaced helices carried by the housings for acting on the body to be treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices being lapped by each other a sufficient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions.

4. A machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of revoluble housings and eccentrics on which the said housings 'turn,,the centers of the'eccentrics for one housing being out of line with those for the other housing, interspaced helices carried by the housings'for actmg on the body to be treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices-being lapped by each other a sufiicient amount to form a working Hass between opposing working portions, ho ow sleeves for carrying and actuating the said eccentrics, hollow sleeves con nected for actuatin the housings, and means for actuating the sieves.

5. A machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of housings and interspaced helices carried thereby for acting upon the body to be treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the heliturn, and means for driving the respective housings upon the said eccentrics.

6. A machine forcross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of housings and interspaced helices carried thereby for acting upon the body to be treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices being lapped by each other a sutficient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions, eccentrics disposed at different angular positions relatively to the axis of the pass of the machine and upon which the housings are mounted to turn, means for driving the respective housings upon the said eccentrics, and means for revolving the eccentrics about the axis of the pass as a center,

7. A machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, having a plurality of housings and interspaced helices carried thereby for acting upon the body to be treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices being lapped by each other a sufficient amount to form a workingpass be tween opposim working portions, eccentrics by the-housings for acting on the body to be Y treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally thcrethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices being lapped by each other a suilicient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions.

'9. Dies for a machine for. cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, comprising interspaced helices, said helices having openings extending longitudinally theretl'irough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices being lapped by each other a 'suflicient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions.

10. Dies for a. machine for cross rolling cy lindrical bodies and other uses, comprising two helices having their convolutions interspaced, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices being lapped by each other a sufficient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions.

11. Dies for a machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, comprising two helices having the convolutions of one helix spaced between those of the other, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the Working portions of the helices, thehelices being lapped by each other a sufiicient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portionsl 12. In a machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, the combination of a plurality of revoluble housings, dies comprising interspaced helices carried by the housings for acting'on the body to be treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, the helices being lapped by each other a Suflicient amount to form a working pass ,between opposing working portions, means for revolving the housings about the axis of the pass, and means for imparting orbital motion to the housings about the axis of the ass. p 13. In a machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, the combination of a plurality of revoluble housings, dies comprising interspaced helices carried by the housings for acting on the bodyto be treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the Walls'of which form the working portions of the helices, the

helices being lapped by each other a sufficient amount to form a Working pass between opposing working portions and'means for simultaneouslyimparting both rotatory and orbital motion to the housings about the axis of the pass.

14. In a machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, the combination of a plurality of revoluble housings, dies comprising interspaced helices carried by the housings for acting on the bod y to be treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, and

the helices being lapped by each other'a sufficient amount toform a working pass between opposing working portions, and means for imparting orbital motion to the housings about the axis of the pass. v 15. In a machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, the combination of a plurality of revoluble housings, dies comrising interspaced helices carried by the housings for acting on the body to be treated, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices, and the helices being lapped by each other a sufficient amount t: form a working pass between opposing working portions, and means for rotating the housings about the axis of the pass.

ces having openings extending longitudinally thercthrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the helices and the helices being lapped by each other a suflicient amount to form a working pass between op- 3 posing working portions, and means for imparting orbital motion to the dies about the axis of the pass as a center.

17. In a machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, the combination of a plurality of housings, a helical die mounted on each housing, the convolutions of said helices being interspaced, said helices having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls oi which form the Working portions of the helices, and the helices being apped by each other a sufiicient amount to form a'working pass between opposing working ortions and means for revolving the housings about'the axis of the pass as a center. I

18. In a machine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, the combination of a plurality of housings, a helical die mounted on eachhousing, the convolutions of said helices being interspaced, said helices laving openings extending longitudinally t. erethrough, tze walls of which form the working portions of the helices and the helices being lapped by each other a sufficient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions, means for imparting orbital motion to the dies about the axis of the pass as a center, and means for revolving the housings about the center of the pass as an axis;

19. In a machine for cross rollin -or otherwise treating cylindrical bodies, the combination of a housing, a helix carried by the housin for acting on the body to be treated, said he ix having a longitudinal opening, the walls of which form the working ortions of the helix, an eccentric on which t 1e housing turns, a tubular shaft or sleeve on which the eccentric is mounted, a concentric tubular shaft or sleeve for turning the housing onits said'eccentric, and means for actuating the shafts or sleeves.

20. In a machine for cross rolling and otherwise treating cylindrical bodies, the

combination of a housing carrying a helix for acting on the body to be treated, said helix the axis of the machine, an eccentric actuated by one said shaft and on which the 'housin is mounted to turn, and connections from t e other said shaft for turning the housing.

21. In a machine for wise treatin 'cylindric l bodies, a housing provided wit hollow'rot'ary shafts, concentric with each other and with-the axis of the machine, and connections therefrom for givtion of a plurality of oppositely located revoluble housings and dies carried by said housings, having their wprking faces opposite each other, said dies having openings extending longitudinally therefrom, the walls of which form the working portions of the dies,

and the'dies being lapped by each other a suflicient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions.

23. In a maehine for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, the combination of a plurality of eccentric revoluble housings, and working members for acting on the body to be treated carried by'said housin s, the working faces of-said'members being coated opposite to each other, said members having openings extendin longitudinally therethrough, the walls 0 which form the working portions of the members, and said members being lapped by each other a sufficient amount to form a working pass between opposing working portions.

24. In a machine for cross rollingcylindrical bodies and other uses, the combination of a lurality of revoluble and orbitally movable housings, and oppositely located dies carried by said housings, said dies having openings extending longitudinally therezross rolling or otherthrough, the walls of which form the workin portions of the dies, and the dies being lappe y each other a suflicient amount to forma working pass between opposing working portions.

25. In a machine tion of a plurality of-eccentric housings car rying dies or working members having spiral and oppositely placed working faces, said dies having. openings extending longitudinally 'therethrough, the walls of which form the working portlons of the dies, and. the dies being lapped by each other a sufiicient v for cross rolling cylindrical bodies and otheruses, the "com-binaamount to form a working pass between op-' posing working portions.

26. In a machine .for cross rolling cylinydrical bodies and other uses, the combina tion of a plurality of eccentric h usings carrying dies or working members, t e working faces ofwhich are diametrically opposed to each other, said dies having openings extending longitudinally therethrough, the walls of which form the working portions of the dies,

andthe dies being lapped by each other a suflicientamount to form a working pass between opposing working portions.

27. In a machine, for cross'rolling cylindrical bodies and other uses, the combination of two or more 0 posite dies or working members and means or rotating the res ective members upon two different axes 0 r0- tation, said .dies having openin s extendin longitudinally theret-hrough, .t e walls 0 which form the working portions of the dies, and the dies being lapped by each other a sufiicient amount-to iorm a working pass between opposing working portions.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEONARD D. DAVIS.

Witnesses:

Tnos. C. MILLER, GEORGE M. MAsoN'.

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